
Access Control System refers to the practice of restricting entrance to a property, a building, or a room to
authorized persons, to protect lives, properties, and information. Physical Access Control System can be classi-
fied into two big system; Standalone system that used standalone readers and Central system comprised of
readers and a controller.
Access Control System
Access Control System Terms
Standalone System
A standalone reader is a reader with built-in central access controller. It can control open/close of the door without any con-
nection to a central controller or a computer. This can be operated in network and usually applied in small size system.
Central System
Readers transmit information to a central controller, and this central controller controls open/close of the door and other
items. This can be comprised of readers and a central controller and standalone controller and a central controller.
Both operations with RS-485/433/232C and network are possible, and usually applied in large size system.
The reader is a main device being installed in the entrance and read the information of who pass the door.
Readers can be categorized depending on the 'credential' it can read. The credentials can be cards, fingerprint,
face, and password key pad. Mostly, readers in higher categories can read the credentials in lower categories'.
ex) Face recognition reader can read Fingerprint, Card, Keypad. Fingerprint reader can read Card, Keypad
Access Control Product
Biometric reader
Biometric reader can read a part of a person who passes, without any physical credentials such as card. This can read finger-
print, face, iris, and etc.
Face reader
Face reader has built-in camera and can read a face of person.
It checks a person's face who accesses with its database that
were registered before and decide whether allow or
disallow the access.
Fingerprint reader
Fingerprint reader has a fingerprint pad that can read
fingerprints of a person who accesses, when he/her touches
the pad. Users should register the fingerprints of who are
allowed to access. 1,000/2,000/4,000 users' fingerprints are
able to register depending on the model and each user
can register 2~5 fingerprints.
Card reader
Card reader allows access when authorized proximity/smart card and key tag are contacted.
It can be divided into proximity card and smart card referring which frequency it uses.
Keypad reader
This reader has built in numeric keypad and approves the access when a correct
password in entered.
Smart Card (13.56MHz)
Smart Card is an electronic card with embedded integrated circuits which can process a
mass of data. This is widely used in banking, credit card, and transportation card.
Usually it refers to the card that using 13.56MHz of frequency.
Proximity Card
Proximity card is a generic name for contactless integrated circuit devices used for
security access or payment systems. It can refer to the older 125 kHz devices or the newer
13.56 MHz contactless RFID cards, most commonly known as contactless smartcards
Key Tag
Key tag in access control system refers to the tag with key-shaped, used to gain an access approval.
Access Control Unit (ACU)
Access Control Unit is installed in entrance/exit door. It receives the information from the
readers and control open/close, functions and setting of doors. The communication with
readers can be done through RS-485/422/232C and network.
Fingerprint Scanner
Fingerprint Scanner is a device used to register the fingerprints of approved person.
It can be easily connected to computer using USB.
Camera Lens
13.56MHz
One of frequency bands which has high compatibility to Smart Card. Read range is less than 10cm (4 inch), strong in the envi-
ronment with humidity. This performs well in data transmission but features higher price than 125KHz products.
125KHz
125KHz is a widely used frequency band with 13.56MHz in access control system. Read range is less than 10cm (4 inch), strong
in the environment with humidity and metallic.
MIFARE
A type of protocol used in access control system. It divides 1kbyte of memory into 16 sectors and performs various functions.
13.56MHz uses MIFARE protocol, mainly.
AWG (American Wire Gauge)
AWG is a standardized wire gauge system used in the United States and other areas. In access control system, cables between
AWG 18 to AWG 24 are widely used.
Access Control System Technical Terms
Samsung Access Control
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Samsung Access Control
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